Monday 27 February 2023

Defect vs Error vs Bug in Software Testing with examples

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In software testing, the terms defect, error, and bug are often used interchangeably, but they have slightly different meanings.

DEFECT

A defect is a flaw or deviation from the expected behavior of the software system. It can occur at any stage of the development process, and it can be caused by various factors such as coding mistakes, design issues, or testing errors. Defects are also known as faults or issues.

Example:
A software application crashes or freezes when a user enters certain input values. This could be due to an unexpected combination of user inputs that was not accounted for during testing or development.

ERROR

An error is a human mistake or an incorrect action taken by the developer or tester that leads to a defect in the software. Errors can be caused by misunderstandings, miscommunication, lack of knowledge or skill, and other factors.

Example:
A tester accidentally skips a critical test case, resulting in a defect going unnoticed until after the software is released. This could be due to a lack of understanding of the requirements or a miscommunication with the development team.

BUG

A bug is a specific type of defect that causes the software to behave in an unintended way or produce incorrect results. Bugs are typically caused by coding errors or logical mistakes in the program.

Example:
A mobile app that is supposed to allow users to upload photos crashes when the user selects a photo from their camera roll. This could be due to a coding error where the app is unable to handle the file format of the selected photo.

To summarize, an error is a mistake made by a human, which can lead to a defect, which is a flaw in the software. A bug is a specific type of defect that causes the software to behave unexpectedly or produce incorrect results.

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