How to schedule a job in Jenkins pipeline? How to run automation suite everyday with auto trigger scheduler?

• How to INSTALL JENKINS

• How to send email notification with groovy script in Jenkins pipeline?

• Jenkins Interview Question and Answers SET-01

1. What is Jenkins?

As defined in Jenkins docs, "Jenkins is a self-contained, open source automation server that can be used to automate all sorts of tasks related to building, testing, and delivering or deploying software."

We use it to create jobs or tasks which will help us to achieve CI and CD in our project.

The best thing :  it is "FREE"

What to Use Jenkins for and When to Use It

Use Jenkins to automate your development workflow so you can focus on the work that matters most. Jenkins is commonly used for:

• Building projects
• Run tests to detect bugs and other issues as soon as they are introduced
• Static code analysis
• Deployment

Execute repetitive tasks, save time, and optimize your development process with Jenkins.

Pre-requisite:

• How to INSTALL JENKINS
  
  
• Integrate your Automation suite with Jenkins.      

• Why we need to schedule Jenkins job for automation test suite?

here are some reasons why we need Jenkins job scheduling for automation test suites:

1. Automating repetitive tasks: Jenkins job scheduling helps automate the execution of repetitive test suites at regular intervals, ensuring that test cases are executed consistently and reducing the time and effort required to execute them manually.

2. Early detection of issues: Scheduling tests to run at regular intervals or specific times can help detect issues or bugs early in the development process, enabling teams to address them before they become major problems.

3. Efficient resource utilization: Jenkins allows for parallel test execution, enabling multiple tests to run simultaneously on different machines or environments, making efficient use of available resources and reducing overall test execution time.

4. Integration with other tools: Jenkins can be integrated with other tools like JIRA, Git, and Selenium, allowing for seamless automation of test cases and providing real-time feedback to developers on the status of tests.

5. Customization: Jenkins job scheduling provides flexibility in scheduling tests based on various factors such as environment, code changes, and other triggers, enabling teams to customize their test automation workflows based on their specific needs and requirements.

Overall, Jenkins job scheduling is an essential component of test automation that helps improve efficiency, reliability, and scalability of test automation workflows.

The steps for schedule jobs at Jenkins:

First, let’s look at the Jenkins job scheduling configuration. It looks a lot like Linux’s cron syntax. 

1. Click on the "Configure" option for the job.
2. scroll down to "Build Triggers" .
3. Click on the "Build Periodically" CheckBox.
4. Add scheduled time in the Schedule field:: This will take cron expression as below:

• Jenkins uses a cron expression, the different fields are :

1. MINUTES Minutes in one hour (0-59)
2. HOURS Hours in one day (0-23)
3. DAYMONTH Day in a month (1-31)
4. MONTH Month in a year (1-12)
5. DAYWEEK Day of the week (0-7) where 0 and 7 are sunday

 How to integrate Maven project with Jenkins?
Maven & Jenkins Integration

• So we need to input value for 5 *, and each * represents one parameter in the sequence as mentioned above.

• If I want to run my job daily at 11 pm then the expression will be:    0 23 * * *

IMAGE REFERENCE:

• If we want to run the job 23:45 (11:45 PM) every Saturday: 45 23 * * 6

• To schedule every hour, then you can put: 0 * * * *

Then your job will be executed every hour (07:00, 08:00, 09:00 and so on)

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Linux Commands Set-01 for SDET/DevOps INterview Questions Linux Commands Set-02 for SDET/DevOps.  Linux Commands set-03 for SDET/DevOps Interview Questions

 Cron- set up scheduled tasks to run.

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• Each line of a crontab file represents a job, and looks like this:

# ┌───────────── minute (0 - 59)
# │ ┌───────────── hour (0 - 23)
# │ │ ┌───────────── day of the month (1 - 31)
# │ │ │ ┌───────────── month (1 - 12)
# │ │ │ │ ┌───────────── day of the week (0 - 6) (Sunday to Saturday;
# │ │ │ │ │                                   7 is also Sunday on some systems)
# │ │ │ │ │
# │ │ │ │ │

# * * * * * <command to execute>

Refer to the Link for Docker Commands in SDET

Non-standard predefined scheduling definitions

Some cron implementations^[9] support the following non-standard macros:

Entry	Description	Equivalent to
@yearly (or @annually)	Run once a year at midnight of 1 January	0 0 1 1 *
@monthly	Run once a month at midnight of the first day of the month	0 0 1 * *
@weekly	Run once a week at midnight on Sunday morning	0 0 * * 0
@daily (or @midnight)	Run once a day at midnight	0 0 * * *
@hourly	Run once an hour at the beginning of the hour	0 * * * *
@reboot	Run at startup	N/A

How to create parameterized job in Jenkins? VERY IMP

ANS: Click Here For Answer with Screenshots

Jenkins builds periodically - multiple schedules

You can apply even more than one schedule for a Jenkins job.

For example, you might have a regular schedule to build Jenkins periodically, let’s say we want to build periodically every work day’s like this 

30 8 * * 1-5
Let’s assume we need to build Jenkins periodically every week before the weekend starts. 

30 16 * * 5
Now we can easily combine these two Jenkins schedules

30 8 * * 1-5 
30 16 * * 5
Jenkins will build every work day at 8:30am and every week on Friday at 4:30pm


Once you are done with setting up nightly job, do trigger email notification for the build logs and execution report

TRIGGER EMAIL NOTIFICATION WITH JENKINS

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